Gary Gallagher: American Civil War, Slavery, Lincoln, Grant & Lee | Lex Fridman Podcast #499

Gary Gallagher 是美國內戰史學家。感謝收聽 ❤ 檢視我們的贊助商：https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep499-sb 以下列出時間戳、文字稿，以及如何給予回饋、提交問題、聯絡 Lex 等。 *Transcript:* https://lexfridman.com/gary-gallagher-transcript *CONTACT LEX:* *Feedback* - 給 Lex 回饋：https://lexfridman.com/survey *AMA* - 提交問題、影片或電話：https://lexfridman.com/ama *Hiring* - 加入我們的團隊：https://lexfridman.com/hiring *Other* - 其他聯絡方式：https://lexfridman.com/contact *EPISODE LINKS:* Gary 的 UVA 頁面：https://history.virginia.edu/people/gary-w-gallagher Gary 的 Wikipedia：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_W._Gallagher 《The Confederate War》（書）：https://amzn.to/4yletel 《The Union War》（書）：https://amzn.to/3QT1jED 《Lee and His Generals in War and Memory》（書）：https://amzn.to/4fdrbD5 《Causes Won, Lost, and Forgotten》（書）：https://amzn.to/4wFxk1X 《The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History》（書）：https://amzn.to/4vsAogU The Great Courses - The American Civil War: https://bit.ly/4gDX3mQ *SPONSORS:* 為了支援此播客，請檢視我們的贊助商並獲得折扣： *Upwork:* 僱用自由職業者的平臺。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/upwork-ep499-sb *NetSuite:* 業務管理軟體。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep499-sb *Shopify:* 在網路上銷售商品。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep499-sb *LMNT:* 零糖電解質飲料混合物。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep499-sb *BetterHelp:* 線上諮商與心理治療。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep499-sb *Perplexity:* AI 驅動的回答引擎。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/perplexity-ep499-sb *Plaud:* AI 驅動的筆記裝置與軟體。前往 https://lexfridman.com/s/plaud-ep499-sb *OUTLINE:* 0:00 - Episode highlight 1:29 - Introduction 1:52 - What caused the Civil War? 11:49 - Slavery 39:23 - Lincoln 54:19 - Grant vs Lee 1:03:13 - Could the Civil War have been avoided? 1:12:39 - The bloodiest war in US history 1:29:47 - How the Confederate Army could've won 1:50:22 - Key battles of the Civil War 2:13:23 - Best and Worst Presidents 2:27:23 - Robert E. Lee 2:46:56 - The most important battle of the Civil War 2:57:07 - The final showdown of the Civil War - Grant vs Lee 3:19:26 - Lost Cause and Confederate Monuments 3:36:54 - Extreme political division in US *PODCAST LINKS:* - Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast - Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr - Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2MAi0BvDc6GTFvKFPXnkCL - RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ - Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 - Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips *SOCIAL LINKS:* - X: https://x.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://instagram.com/lexfridman - TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://facebook.com/lexfridman - Patreon: https://patreon.com/lexfridman - Telegram: https://t.me/lexfridman - Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman